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What Makes an Olympic Champion
Written by Joey Cheek   

Secret of Success

An Olympic gold medalist says it's all about hard work, self knoweldge and technical understanding

By Joey Cheek
 

Joey Cheek wins the 500 meters in the 2006 Winter Games in Torino.
Photo: nbcolympics.com

It was ten years from the day I first put on ice skates to the day I found myself standing on the top of the podium at the Winter Olympic Games in Torino.

Since then, I have given numerous motivational speeches and answered lots of questions. But one subject rarely comes up: How was it that of all of the skaters I competed against over the years, I was the one who landed on top?

There were lots of factors: talent, hard work, "wanting it more."

But the single most important reason for my success is this: I am a student of the sport.

If you examine my race results, you will see slow and steady progress. I was never the most talented skater. But I worked harder than most, although not all. (I think Derek Parra deserves that honor). And I was excellent at finding my weaknesses and developing a plan to overcome them.

When I was 17 and in my second year of my transition from inlines to ice, I had the bad habit of raising my hips on my push. I would sit very low until my recovery leg came close to my body. Then I would "pop up" and push before returning to a low position.

This was a serious problem. The one constant of all of the best skaters in the world (Chad Hedrick, Joey Mantia, Shani Davis) is that their hips always stay rock solid.

So I started doing exercises (curved slideboard, dryland in a mirror, video analysis) to drill myself on correct technique. I kept it up for three years and by the 2002 Olympics, I had some of the most stable hips in the world — and an Olympic medal (bronze in the 1000m).

Every skater can learn to better understand the technical aspects of skating.

Start by noticing what the best athletes do consistently. Study their videos. Talk to coaches.

Then apply what you learn.

Remember that every time you lose, you have the opportunity to learn. If you make learning part of your everyday training regimen, you will be thrilled at the results.

And one day, you may also find yourself on top step of the podium.

Dec. 22, 2006

Joey Cheek is a former inline speed skater who who a gold and silver medal in speedskating at the 2006 Winter Games in Torino. He became one of the lasting stars of the Games when he donated his winnings to Right to Play, a group that helps needy children in Africa. Now 30, he is a junior at Princeton University, where he is majoring in economics and pursuing a minor in Chinese. He continues to be involved in Team Darfur, a group of athletes trying to raise awareness about the humanitarian crisis in Darfur, Sudan.

Dynamic warm-up
Written by Shannon Shuskey   
 
 
   
 

 Posted 2009-11-10 10:09 AM (#43352 - in reply to #43231)
Subject: Re: Typical Indoor practice warm-up
  

One thing you might consider is doing a dynamic warm-up. You may have seen some skaters at meets doing different movements in the aisles. One of the most memorable would be the leg swings front/back and side to side. That’s not all that’s involved. I general prefer the skaters to do there own 10-15 minute warm-up of skates. The reason I say their own routine is the athlete will take ownership in the warm-up. It can also generate confidence. Normally I would provide the skater with a large list ove movement and progressions through the warm-up and they can choose which exercise they prefer with a little guidance as to the order.

The skaters do there exercise on their own...
At meets before a race the skaters are generally given about 3 minutes to warm-up on their skates before the race. For the energy, power, speed, type of movement and intensity the race gives to the body 3 minutes of warm-up is not enough. That’s why I have the skaters do their own routine and not as a team doing the same thing. This way the skater is assured they got a great warm-up before the race. I know you mentioned this was practice. That’s the best place to put in motion what works for the skater.

At the World championships the Colombians were the pioneers introducing the dynamic warm-up before they race. It also takes them about 10-15 minutes to do their warm-up. This will also prepare the skater mentally for the race. It keeps them more focused.

Shannon
 
   
 

 Posted 2009-11-10 10:14 AM
Subject: Re: Typical Indoor practice warm-up
  

Dynamic Stretching vs. Static Stretching
As coaches and trainers we will perform anything from plyometrics to sprinting to reduce injury and increase performance. The real question is whether the type of stretching we chose to perform before activity will have an affect on the performance and injury levels of our athletes.

STATIC STRETCHING

Many coaches advocate the use of static stretching prior to exercise. Static stretching involves reaching forward to a point of tension and holding the stretch. Static stretching has been used through out the years for two main reasons: injury prevention and performance enhancement. Does static stretching prior to activity achieve the goals of injury prevention and performance enhancement? Research has shown that static stretching can be detrimental to performance and doesn’t necessarily lead to decreases in injury. Below are a few studies done on the topic of static stretching:

1. Rod Pope an army physiotherapist in Australia, recently carried out a wide study to assess the relationship between static stretching and injury prevention. Pope monitored over 1600 recruits over the course of a year in randomised controlled trials. He found no differences in the occurrence of injury between those recruits who statically stretched and those who did not.
2. “Gleim & McHugh (1997), would also challenge the premise that stretching, or indeed increased flexibility, reduces the risk of injury”
3. New research has shown that static stretching decreases eccentric strength for up to an hour after the stretch. Static stretching has been shown to decrease muscle strength by up to 9% for 60 minutes following the stretch and decrease eccentric strength by 7% followed by a specific hamstring stretch.
4. Rosenbaum and Hennig showed that static stretching reduced peak force by 5% and the rate of force production by 8%. This study was about Achilles tendon reflex activity. (5)
5. Gerard van der poel stated that static stretching caused a specific decrease in the specific coordination of explosive movements.
6. Three 15-second stretches of the hamstrings, quadriceps, and calf muscles reduced the peak vertical velocity of a vertical jump in the majority of subjects.
7. Moscov (1993) found that there is no relationship between static flexibility and dynamic flexibility. This suggests that an increased static range of motion may not be translated into functional, sport-specific flexibility, which is largely dynamic in most sporting situations
8. Static based stretching programs seem best suited following an activity.

In soccer it is vitally important to have explosive muscles that allow a player to jump higher for the winning header or to explode past an opponent to get to the ball quicker. Almost every movement in soccer is preceded by an eccentric movement. For example, when you run you bend your legs first then explode forward. In jumping you must bend your legs first then jump. Finally, cutting in soccer requires a lot of eccentric power. Wouldn’t it make sense to have optimal power, coordination and eccentric strength to succeed in soccer? If we shouldn’t static stretch before a game or practice then how can we stretch to optimize performance on the field? The answer is dynamic stretching.

DYNAMIC STRETCHING

Many of the best strength coaches support the use of dynamic stretching. Dynamic stretching consists of functional based exercises which use sport specific movements to prepare the body for movement. “Dynamic stretching, according to Kurz, "involves moving parts of your body and gradually increasing reach, speed of movement, or both." Do not confuse dynamic stretching with ballistic stretching! Dynamic stretching consists of controlled leg and arm swings that take you (gently!) to the limits of your range of motion. Ballistic stretches involve trying to force a part of the body beyond its range of motion. In dynamic stretches, there are no bounces or "jerky" movements. Several professional coaches, authors and studies have supported or shown the effectiveness of dynamic stretching. Below are a few examples of support for dynamic stretching:

1. Mike Boyle uses a dynamic warm-up with his athletes. He goes through about 26000 workouts over the course of a summer. In 2002 he did not have one major muscle pull that required medical attention.
2. Flexibility is speed specific. There are two kinds of stretch receptors, one measures magnitude and speed and the other measures magnitude only. Static flexibility improves static flexibility and dynamic flexibility improves dynamic flexibility which is why it doesn’t make sense to static stretch prior to dynamic activity. There is considerable but not complete transfer of static stretching to dynamic stretching
3. One author compared a team that dynamically stretched to a team that static stretched. The team that dynamically stretched had fewer injuries.
4. There are few sports where achieving static flexibility is advantageous to success in the sport. Therefore according to the principle of specificity it would seem to be more advantageous to perform a dynamic warm-up which more resembles the activity of the sport
5. Dynamic Flexibility increases core temperature, muscle temperature, elongates the muscles, stimulates the nervous system, and helps decrease the chance of injury.
6. Another author showed that dynamic stretching does increase flexibility.

As coaches, trainers and parents we all want our athletes to lower their incidence of injury and increase performance. Dynamic flexibility has been used successfully by trainers and coaches to increase flexibility and possibly lower the incidence of injury. It is the job of the coach or trainer to pick the method they feel is best suited for the sport and athletes. The above evidence suggests the possibility that static stretching prior to activity is not the best solution. Static stretching doesn’t necessarily lead to a decrease in injury and but may actually decrease performance. If one purpose of the warm-up is to warm-up the body, wouldn’t static stretching actually cool the body down? If static stretching is not the solution to a pre-game warm-up what is? Dynamic stretching.
 
 

Clinic with Renee Hildebrand: 10/10/09

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